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College Physics for AP® Courses 2e

Test Prep for AP® Courses

College Physics for AP® Courses 2eTest Prep for AP® Courses

20.1 Current

1.

Which of the following can be explained on the basis of conservation of charge in a closed circuit consisting of a battery, resistor, and metal wires?

  1. The number of electrons leaving the battery will be equal to the number of electrons entering the battery.
  2. The number of electrons leaving the battery will be less than the number of electrons entering the battery.
  3. The number of protons leaving the battery will be equal to the number of protons entering the battery.
  4. The number of protons leaving the battery will be less than the number of protons entering the battery.
2.

When a battery is connected to a bulb, there is 2.5 A of current in the circuit. What amount of charge will flow though the circuit in a time of 0.5 s?

  1. 0.5 C
  2. 1 C
  3. 1.25 C
  4. 1.5 C
3.

If 0.625 × 1020 electrons flow through a circuit each second, what is the current in the circuit?

4.

Two students calculate the charge flowing through a circuit. The first student concludes that 300 C of charge flows in 1 minute. The second student concludes that 3.125 × 1019 electrons flow per second. If the current measured in the circuit is 5 A, which of the two students (if any) have performed the calculations correctly?

20.2 Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Simple Circuits

5.

If the voltage across a fixed resistance is doubled, what happens to the current?

  1. It doubles.
  2. It halves.
  3. It stays the same.
  4. The current cannot be determined.
6.

The table below gives the voltages and currents recorded across a resistor.

Voltage (V)2.505.007.5010.0012.50
Current (A)0.691.382.092.763.49
Table 20.4
  1. Plot the graph and comment on the shape.
  2. Calculate the value of the resistor.
7.

What is the resistance of a bulb if the current in it is 1.25 A when a 4 V voltage supply is connected to it? If the voltage supply is increased to 7 V, what will be the current in the bulb?

20.3 Resistance and Resistivity

8.

Which of the following affect the resistivity of a wire?

  1. length
  2. area of cross section
  3. material
  4. all of the above
9.

The lengths and diameters of four wires are given as shown.

The figure shows four cylinders representing sections of wire. The length and diameter of the wires are indicated graphically and with labels below. The wires labeled 2L are the same length and twice as long as the wires labeled L. The wires labeled 2D are twice as thick as the wires labeled D. Wire 1: 2L, D (long, thin). Wire 2: L, D (short, thin). Wire 3: 2L, 2D (long, thick). Wire 4: L, 2D (short, thick).
Figure 20.41

If the four wires are made from the same material, which of the following is true? Select two answers.

  1. Resistance of Wire 3 > Resistance of Wire 2
  2. Resistance of Wire 1 > Resistance of Wire 2
  3. Resistance of Wire 1 < Resistance of Wire 4
  4. Resistance of Wire 4 < Resistance of Wire 3
10.

Suppose the resistance of a wire is R Ω. What will be the resistance of another wire of the same material having the same length but double the diameter?

  1. R/2
  2. 2R
  3. R/4
  4. 4R
11.

The resistances of two wires having the same lengths and cross section areas are 3 Ω and 11 Ω. If the resistivity of the 3 Ω wire is 2.65 × 10−8 Ω∙m, find the resistivity of the 1 Ω wire.

12.

The lengths and diameters of three wires are given below. If they all have the same resistance, find the ratio of their resistivities.

WireLengthDiameter
Wire 12 m1 cm
Wire 21 m0.5 cm
Wire 31 m1 cm
Table 20.5
13.

Suppose the resistance of a wire is 2 Ω. If the wire is stretched to three times its length, what will be its resistance? Assume that the volume does not change.

20.4 Electric Power and Energy

14.
The illustration shows a circuit drawn in a rectangle with a long and short parallel on the left and jagged line resistor labeled R on the right side. To the right of the circuit diagram is a graph with and arrow pointing up on the y axis and labeled E. The horizontal axis is represented by an arrow pointing to the right and labeled t. There is a straight diagonal line originating a the origin labeled 0 and ending at t1 on the x-axis (indicated with a dotted line going from t1 to the tip of the line) and E1 on the y-axis (also indicated with a dotted line).
Figure 20.42

The circuit shown contains a resistor R connected to a voltage supply. The graph shows the total energy E dissipated by the resistance as a function of time. Which of the following shows the corresponding graph for double resistance, i.e., if R is replaced by 2R?

  1. There are four graphs with the same x-axis (t) and y-axis (E) shown in figure Ch20S05. All four graphs have straight, diagonal lines ending at t1 (with a dotted line) on the x-axis. The slopes of the line vary; however because they end at different values on the y-axis. Graph A has the steepest slope and the y-ending value for the line is 2E1. Graph B has the second steepest slope and the y-ending value is E1. Graph C's slope is less steep still and ends at E1 over 2. Graph D has the flattest slop and ends at E1 over 4.
    Figure 20.43
  2. There are four graphs with the same x-axis (t) and y-axis (E) shown in figure Ch20S05. All four graphs have straight, diagonal lines ending at t1 (with a dotted line) on the x-axis. The slopes of the line vary; however because they end at different values on the y-axis. Graph A has the steepest slope and the y-ending value for the line is 2E1. Graph B has the second steepest slope and the y-ending value is E1. Graph C's slope is less steep still and ends at E1 over 2. Graph D has the flattest slop and ends at E1 over 4.
    Figure 20.44
  3. There are four graphs with the same x-axis (t) and y-axis (E) shown in figure Ch20S05. All four graphs have straight, diagonal lines ending at t1 (with a dotted line) on the x-axis. The slopes of the line vary; however because they end at different values on the y-axis. Graph A has the steepest slope and the y-ending value for the line is 2E1. Graph B has the second steepest slope and the y-ending value is E1. Graph C's slope is less steep still and ends at E1 over 2. Graph D has the flattest slop and ends at E1 over 4.
    Figure 20.45
  4. There are four graphs with the same x-axis (t) and y-axis (E) shown in figure Ch20S05. All four graphs have straight, diagonal lines ending at t1 (with a dotted line) on the x-axis. The slopes of the line vary; however because they end at different values on the y-axis. Graph A has the steepest slope and the y-ending value for the line is 2E1. Graph B has the second steepest slope and the y-ending value is E1. Graph C's slope is less steep still and ends at E1 over 2. Graph D has the flattest slop and ends at E1 over 4.
    Figure 20.46
15.

What will be the ratio of the resistance of a 120 W, 220 V lamp to that of a 100 W, 110 V lamp?

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