Chapter 12

$\text{2.78}{\text{cm}}^3\text{/s}$

27 cm/s

(a) 0.75 m/s

(b) 0.13 m/s

(a) $40.0{\text{cm}}^2$

(b) $5\text{.}\text{09}\times {\text{10}}^7$

(a) 22 h

(b) 0.016 s

(a) 12.6 m/s

(b) $0.0800{\text{m}}^3\text{/s}$

(c) No, independent of density.

(a) 0.402 L/s

(b) 0.584 cm

(a) $\text{127}{\text{cm}}^{\text{3}}\text{/s}$

(b) 0.890 cm

$\begin{array}{lll}P& =& \frac{\text{Force}}{\text{Area}},\\ (P{)}_{\text{units}}& =& {\text{N/m}}^2=\text{N}\cdot {\text{m/m}}^3={\text{J/m}}^3\\ & =& \text{energy/volume}\end{array}$

184 mm Hg

$2\text{.}\text{54}\times {\text{10}}^5\text{N}$

(a) $1\text{.}\text{58}\times {\text{10}}^6{\text{N/m}}^2$

(b) 163 m

(a) $\text{9.56}\times {\text{10}}^8\text{W}$

(b) 1.4

1.26 W

(a) $3\text{.}\text{02}\times {\text{10}}^{-3}\text{N}$

(b) $1\text{.}\text{03}\times {\text{10}}^{-3}$

$1\text{.}{\text{60 cm}}^3\text{/min}$

$8.7\times {\text{10}}^{-\text{11}}{\text{m}}^3\text{/s}$

0.316

(a) 1.52

(b) Turbulence will decrease the flow rate of the blood, which would require an even larger increase in the pressure difference, leading to higher blood pressure.

or

Olive oil.

(a) $1\text{.}\text{62}\times {\text{10}}^{\text{4}}{\text{N/m}}^2$

(b) $0\text{.}{\text{111 cm}}^3\text{/s}$

(c)10.6 cm

1.59

$2\text{.}\text{95}\times {\text{10}}^6{\text{N/m}}^2$(gauge pressure)

$N_{\text{R}}=1.99\times {10}^2\mathrm{<\; 2000}$

(a) nozzle: $1\text{.}\text{27}\times {\text{10}}^5$ , not laminar

(b) hose: $3\text{.}\text{51}\times {\text{10}}^4$, not laminar.

2.54 << 2000, laminar.

1.02 m/s

$1.28\times {\text{10}}^{\mathrm{–2}}\text{L/s}$

(a)$\text{≥ 13.0 m}$

(b) $2\text{.}\text{68}\times {\text{10}}^{-6}{\text{N/m}}^2$

(a) 23.7 atm or $\text{344 lb/}{\text{in}}^2$

(b) The pressure is much too high.

(c) The assumed flow rate is very high for a garden hose.

(d) $5.27\times {\text{10}}^6$ > > 3000, turbulent, contrary to the assumption of laminar flow when using this equation.

$1\text{.}\text{41}\times {\text{10}}^{-3}\text{m}$

$1\text{.}3\times {\text{10}}^2\text{s}$

0.391 s