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Chemistry: Atoms First

Key Terms

Chemistry: Atoms FirstKey Terms

common ion effect
effect on equilibrium when a substance with an ion in common with the dissolved species is added to the solution; causes a decrease in the solubility of an ionic species, or a decrease in the ionization of a weak acid or base
complex ion
ion consisting of a transition metal central atom and surrounding molecules or ions called ligands
coordinate covalent bond
(also, dative bond) bond formed when one atom provides both electrons in a shared pair
dissociation constant
(Kd) equilibrium constant for the decomposition of a complex ion into its components in solution
formation constant
(Kf) (also, stability constant) equilibrium constant for the formation of a complex ion from its components in solution
Lewis acid
any species that can accept a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond
Lewis acid-base adduct
compound or ion that contains a coordinate covalent bond between a Lewis acid and a Lewis base
Lewis base
any species that can donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond
ligand
molecule or ion that surrounds a transition metal and forms a complex ion; ligands act as Lewis bases
molar solubility
solubility of a compound expressed in units of moles per liter (mol/L)
multiple equilibrium
system characterized by more than one state of balance between a slightly soluble ionic solid and an aqueous solution of ions working simultaneously
selective precipitation
process in which ions are separated using differences in their solubility with a given precipitating reagent
solubility product (Ksp)
equilibrium constant for the dissolution of a slightly soluble electrolyte
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