Key Equations

$P=\frac{F}{A}$

p = hρg

PV = nRT

PTotal = PA + PB + PC + … = ƩiPi

PA = XA PTotal

$X_A=\frac{n_A}{n_{Total}}$

$\text{rate of diffusion}=\frac{\text{amount of gas passing through an area}}{\text{unit of time}}$

$\frac{\text{rate of effusion of gas A}}{\text{rate of effusion of gas B}}=\frac{\sqrt{m_B}}{\sqrt{m_A}}=\frac{\sqrt{{\text{ℳ}}_B}}{\sqrt{{\text{ℳ}}_A}}$

$u_{\text{r}\text{m}\text{s}}=\sqrt{\overline{u^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{u_1^2+u_2^2+u_3^2+u_4^2+\dots }{n}}$

${\text{KE}}_{\text{avg}}=\frac{3}{2}RT$

$u_{\text{rms}}=\sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}$

$\text{Z}=\frac{\text{molar}\text{volume of gas at same}T\text{and}P}{\text{molar volume of ideal gas at same}T\text{and}P}={\left(\frac{P\times V_m}{R\times T}\right)}_{\text{measured}}$

$\left(P+\frac{n^{2}a}{V^2}\right)\times \left(V-nb\right)=nRT$