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Biology

Review Questions

BiologyReview Questions
4.

Which of the following is a barrier against pathogens provided by the skin?

  1. high pH
  2. mucus
  3. tears
  4. desiccation
5.

Although interferons have several effects, they are particularly useful against infections with which type of pathogen?

  1. bacteria
  2. viruses
  3. fungi
  4. helminths
6.

Which organelle do phagocytes use to digest engulfed particles?

  1. lysosome
  2. nucleus
  3. endoplasmic reticulum
  4. mitochondria
7.

Which innate immune system component uses MHC I molecules directly in its defense strategy?

  1. macrophages
  2. neutrophils
  3. NK cells
  4. interferon
8.

Which of the following is both a phagocyte and an antigen-presenting cell?

  1. NK cell
  2. eosinophil
  3. neutrophil
  4. macrophage
9.

Which immune cells bind MHC molecules on APCs via CD8 coreceptors on their cell surfaces?

  1. TH cells
  2. CTLs
  3. mast cells
  4. basophils
10.

What “self” pattern is identified by NK cells?

  1. altered self
  2. missing self
  3. normal self
  4. non-self
11.

The acquired ability to prevent an unnecessary or destructive immune reaction to a harmless foreign particle, such as a food protein, is called ________.

  1. the TH2 response
  2. allergy
  3. immune tolerance
  4. autoimmunity
12.

A memory B cell can differentiate upon re-exposure to a pathogen of which cell type?

  1. CTL
  2. naïve B cell
  3. memory T cell
  4. plasma cell
13.

Foreign particles circulating in the blood are filtered by the ________.

  1. spleen
  2. lymph nodes
  3. MALT
  4. lymph
14.

The structure of an antibody is similar to the extracellular component of which receptor?

  1. MHC I
  2. MHC II
  3. BCR
  4. none of the above
15.

The first antibody class to appear in the serum in response to a newly encountered pathogen is ________.

  1. IgM
  2. IgA
  3. IgG
  4. IgE
16.

What is the most abundant antibody class detected in the serum upon reexposure to a pathogen or in reaction to a vaccine?

  1. IgM
  2. IgA
  3. IgG
  4. IgE
17.

Breastfed infants typically are resistant to disease because of ________.

  1. active immunity
  2. passive immunity
  3. immune tolerance
  4. immune memory
18.

Allergy to pollen is classified as:

  1. an autoimmune reaction
  2. immunodeficiency
  3. delayed hypersensitivity
  4. immediate hypersensitivity
19.

A potential cause of acquired autoimmunity is ________.

  1. tissue hypersensitivity
  2. molecular mimicry
  3. histamine release
  4. radiation exposure
20.

Autoantibodies are probably involved in:

  1. reactions to poison ivy
  2. pollen allergies
  3. systemic lupus erythematosus
  4. HIV/AIDS
21.

Which of the following diseases is not due to autoimmunity?

  1. rheumatic fever
  2. systemic lupus erythematosus
  3. diabetes mellitus
  4. HIV/AIDS
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