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Biology

Review Questions

BiologyReview Questions
4.

The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify isoleucine. What feature of the genetic code explains this?

  1. complementarity
  2. nonsense codons
  3. universality
  4. degeneracy
5.

How many nucleotides are in 12 mRNA codons?

  1. 12
  2. 24
  3. 36
  4. 48
6.

Which subunit of the E. coli polymerase confers specificity to transcription?

  1. α
  2. β
  3. β'
  4. σ
7.

The -10 and -35 regions of prokaryotic promoters are called consensus sequences because ________.

  1. they are identical in all bacterial species
  2. they are similar in all bacterial species
  3. they exist in all organisms
  4. they have the same function in all organisms
8.

Which feature of promoters can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

  1. GC box
  2. TATA box
  3. octamer box
  4. -10 and -35 sequences
9.

What transcripts will be most affected by low levels of α-amanitin?

  1. 18S and 28S rRNAs
  2. pre-mRNAs
  3. 5S rRNAs and tRNAs
  4. other small nuclear RNAs
10.

Which pre-mRNA processing step is important for initiating translation?

  1. poly-A tail
  2. RNA editing
  3. splicing
  4. 7-methylguanosine cap
11.

What processing step enhances the stability of pre-tRNAs and pre-rRNAs?

  1. methylation
  2. nucleotide modification
  3. cleavage
  4. splicing
12.

The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in the ________.

  1. cytoplasm
  2. nucleus
  3. nucleolus
  4. endoplasmic reticulum
13.

In any given species, there are at least how many types of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases?

  1. 20
  2. 40
  3. 100
  4. 200
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