Skip to ContentGo to accessibility pageKeyboard shortcuts menu
OpenStax Logo
Biology for AP® Courses

Review Questions

Biology for AP® CoursesReview Questions
Search for key terms or text.
1 .
What is the term for atoms of the same element that vary in the number of neutrons in their nuclei?
  1. ions
  2. isotopes
  3. isobars
  4. neutral atoms
2 .
Potassium has an atomic number of 19. What is its electron configuration?
  1. Shells 1 and 2 are full, and shell 3 has nine electrons.
  2. Shells 1, 2, and 3 are full, and shell 4 has three electrons.
  3. Shells 1, 2, and 3 are full, and shell 4 has one electron.
  4. Shells 1, 2, and 3 are full, and no other electrons are present.
3 .
Which type of bond exemplifies a weak chemical bond?
  1. covalent bonds in solution
  2. hydrogen bonds in solution
  3. ionic bonds in solids
  4. nonpolar covalent bonds in solids
4 .
Which of the following statements is false?
  1. Electrons are unequally shared in polar covalent bonds.
  2. Electrons are equally shared in nonpolar covalent bonds.
  3. Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds based on electrostatic forces.
  4. In solution, ionic bonds are generally stronger than covalent bonds.
5 .
If xenon has an atomic number of 54 and a mass number of 108 , how many neutrons does it have?
  1. 27
  2. 54
  3. 100
  4. 108
6 .
What forms ionic bonds?
  1. atoms that share electrons equally
  2. atoms that share electrons unequally
  3. ions with similar charges
  4. ions with opposite charges
7 .

Table showing the electronegativity of several elements. They are: nitrogen, 3.04. Hydrogen, 2.20. Chlorine, 3.16. Oxygen, 3.44. Lithium, 0.98. Fluorine, 3.98.

Based on the information provided in the table, which of the following statements is correct?

  1. In NH3, the nitrogen atom carries a partial positive charge and the hydrogen atoms acquire a partial negative charge.
  2. In H2O, the hydrogen atoms acquire a partial negative charge, and the oxygen atom carries a partial positive charge.
  3. In aqueous HCl, the hydrogen atom carries a partial positive charge, and the chlorine atom carries a partial negative charge.
  4. In LiF, the lithium atom carries a positive charge, and the fluorine atom carries a negative charge.
8 .
Which of the following statements is not true?
  1. Water is polar.
  2. Water can stabilize the temperature of nearby air.
  3. Water is essential for life.
  4. Water is the most abundant molecule in the Earth’s atmosphere.
9 .
Explain why the bonds within a water molecule are described as polar covalent bonds.
  1. Hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen, generating a partial negative charge near the hydrogen atom.
  2. Hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen, generating a partial positive charge near the hydrogen atom.
  3. Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, generating a partial negative charge near the oxygen atoms.
  4. Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, generating a partial positive charge near the oxygen atoms.
10 .
What happens to the pH of a solution when acids are added?
  1. The pH of the solution decreases.
  2. The pH of the solution increases.
  3. The pH of the solution increases and then decreases.
  4. The pH of the solution stays the same.
11 .
Which of the following statements is true?
  1. Acids and bases cannot mix together.
  2. Acids and bases can neutralize each other.
  3. Acids, not bases, can change the pH of a solution.
  4. Acids donate hydroxide ions ( OH − ); bases donate hydrogen ions ( H + ).
12 .
Define water’s property of adhesion.
  1. a force that allows surface water molecules to escape and vaporize
  2. the attraction between water molecules and other molecules
  3. the intermolecular force between water molecules
  4. the force that keeps particles dispersed in water
13 .
How are excess hydrogen ions balanced in a solution?
  1. acid
  2. base
  3. donator
  4. isotope
14 .
What is the maximum number of atoms or molecules a single carbon atom can bond with?
  1. 4
  2. 1
  3. 6
  4. 2
15 .
Which of the following statements is true?
  1. Molecules with the formulas CH 3 CH 2 OH and C 3 H 6 O 2 could be structural isomers.
  2. Cis-trans isomers are arranged about a single bond.
  3. To be enantiomers, a pair of molecules must have at least three different atoms or groups connected to a central carbon, but arranged differently.
  4. To be enantiomers, a pair of molecules must have four different atoms or groups connected to a central carbon, but arranged differently.
16 .
Which of the following is least likely to bond with carbon as a functional group in biological systems?
  1. carbonyl
  2. hydroxyl
  3. phosphate
  4. sodium
17 .
Which of the following functional groups is the least polar?
  1. carbonyl
  2. hydroxyl
  3. methyl
  4. sulfhydryl
18 .
What are enantiomers?
  1. hydrocarbons consisting of closed rings of carbon atoms
  2. structural isomers differing in placement of atoms along a carbon-carbon double bond
  3. molecules sharing the same chemical bonds but are mirror images of each other
  4. molecules with the same chemical formula but different placement of their chemical bonds
PreviousNext
Order a print copy
Citation/Attribution

This book may not be used in the training of large language models or otherwise be ingested into large language models or generative AI offerings without OpenStax's permission.

Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Creative Commons Attribution License and you must attribute OpenStax.

Attribution information
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, then you must include on every physical page the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/1-introduction
  • If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution:
    Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/1-introduction
Citation information

© Feb 10, 2025 OpenStax. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written consent of Rice University.