Activity
Vertical Shifts
1. Use the Desmos graphing tool or technology outside the course. Graph the following linear functions.
Compare your work:
2. What are the slopes of each line?
The slope of all the lines equals 1.
The parent function of a linear function is .
- The -intercept is (0,0).
- The slope is 1.
3. How can the parent function, be shifted to overlap ?
Compare your answer:
Shift up 2.
4. How can the parent function, , be shifted to overlap ?
Compare your answer:
Shift down 4.
In , the acts as the vertical shift. This is a type of transformation to the graph of .
Vertical Shift of a Function
A vertical shift “transforms” the parent function into another function by moving the graph up or down units.
Vertical Shift →
If the value is positive, the graph of the function shifts up. If the value is negative, the graph of the function shifts down.
Self Check
Additional Resources
Vertical Shifts and -Intercepts
In the equation :
- is the -intercept of the graph and indicates the point at which the graph crosses the -axis.
- is the slope of the line and indicates the vertical displacement (rise) and horizontal displacement (run) between each successive pair of points.
The -intercept tells where the parent function, , has shifted up or down.
Example 1
Tell how has shifted from the parent function .
Solution Since , the -intercept is +7, so the graph shifts up 7 from the parent function.
Example 2
Tell how has shifted from the parent function .
Solution Since , the -intercept is –9, so the graph shifts down 9 from the parent function.
Example 3
Tell how has shifted from .
Solution Since , the -intercept is 1. This point is 4 vertical units below the -intercepts of the original line that had a -intercept of 5. So, the graph shifts down 4 units from to arrive at .
Vertical Shift of a Function
A vertical shift “transforms” the parent function into another function by moving the graph up or down units.
Vertical Shift →
If the value is positive, the graph of the function shifts up. If the value is negative, the graph of the function shifts down.